3-4thYr2Qtr3

3-4th Year2 Quarter 3 toc

Unit 7:Heritage
** Year 2 Quarter 3 ** Resources 1. Modifying the environment has both positive and negative consequences. 2. The population in the US and Ohio have grown in diversity over time. 3. Ohio’s location is critical to the movement of people and goods across the US. |||| **Essential Questions:** 1. What are some of the positive and negative consequences of modifying the environment? 2. In what ways is Ohio becoming more diverse? || (4.10) The economic development of the United States continues to influence and be influenced by agriculture, industry, and natural resources in Ohio.
 * ** Unit7: Heritage, Places and Regions, Human Systems, Production and Consumption ** ||
 * **Big Ideas:**
 * **Strands and Content Statements** ||||  **Student Expectations**  ||  **Key Concepts & Vocabulary**  ||
 * **__Geography__**

(4.12) People have modified the environment since prehistoric times. There are both positive and negative consequence s for modifying the environment in Ohio and the United States.

(4.13) The population of the United States has changed over time, becoming more diverse (e.g. racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious). Ohio’s population has become increasingly reflective of the cultural diversity of the United States.

(4.14) Ohio’s location in the United States and its transportation systems continue to influence the movement of people, products and ideas. |||| **__Geography__** (4.10) Explain how Ohio’s agriculture, industry and natural resources continue to both influence and be influenced by the economic development of the U.S.

(4.12) Describe ways in which humans have modified the environment and explain the positive and negative consequences resulting from those modifications.

(4.13) Explain how Ohio’s population is increasingly reflective of the cultural diversity of the United States.

(4.14) Explain how Ohio’s location and its transportation systems have influenced the movements of people, products and ideas. || **__Geography__** __Ohio Advantages__: -natural resources -location & waterways -produce

Ohio Challenges: global competition

__Positive & Negative impact of environmental modifications:__ -construction: residences, transportation systems, etc -chemical uses

__Diversity:__ -population growth -impact of immigration -impact of industrialization -impact of migration of various groups (Blacks, Hispanics, etc)

Ohio population as reflection of nation “gateway to the West” __Role in transportation:__ -roads, canals, railroads, highways, air Role of location: national, international ||

Unit 8: Economic Decision
1. Positive and negative incentives and scarcity of resources affect the choices people make as consumers and producers. 2. A market is where producers and consumers exchange goods and services. 3. Effective consumers must make decisions based on costs and benefits, often using a budget to make decisions. |||| **Essential Questions:** 1. What are the positive and negative economic incentives that affect spending behavior? 2. Where do producers and consumers exchange goods and services? 3. Describe a process you might use to weigh the costs and benefits of making an economic decision using a budget. 4. In what ways might wise individuals use their incomes? || (3.15) Both positive and negative incentives affect people’s choices and behaviors.
 * ** Unit 8: Economic Decision Making and Skills, Scarcity, Production and Consumption, Markets, Financial Literacy ** ||
 * **Big Ideas:**
 * **Strands and Content Statements** ||||  **Student Expectations**  ||  **Key Concepts & Vocabulary**  ||
 * **__Economics__**

(3.16) Individuals must make decisions because of the scarcity of resources. Making a decision involves an opportunity cost, the value of the next best alternative given up when an economic choice is made.

(3.17) A consumer is a person whose wants are satisfied by using goods and services. A producer makes good and/or provides services.

(3.18) A market is where buyers and sellers exchange goods and services.

(3.19) Making decisions involves weighing costs and benefits.

(3.20) A budget is a plan to help people make personal economic decisions for the present and future and to become more financially responsible.

(4.24) Saving a portion of income contributes to an individual’s financial well-being. Individuals can reduce spending to save more of their income. |||| **__Economics__** (3.15) Give examples of positive and negative incentives that affect people’s choices and behaviors.

(3.16) Describe the opportunity cost of an individual economic decision.

(3.17) Identify consumers and producers in the local community.

(3.18)Describe markets that exist in the local community.

(3.19) Evaluate the costs and benefits of an individual economic decision.

(3.20) Explain how using a budget helps individuals make responsible economic decisions

(4.24) Saving a portion of income contributes to an individual’s financial well-being. Individuals can reduce spending to save more of their income. || **__Economics__** Positive incentives (rewards) Negative incentives (penalize/punish) Impact on choices & behaviors

Scarcity Opportunity cost

Consumers Goods Producers

Market: buyers & sellers Goods & services

Decision – costs & benefits Alternatives & consequences

Budget: spending, sharing, saving Personal responsibility

Short-term/ Long-term goal

Planning ||